Contents

Front matter

• Dedication
• Preface
• Foreword
• Acknowledgements
• Contributors
• Abbreviations

Chapter 1 Cardiac investigations

• Chapter 1 Cardiac investigations
• Exercise ECG
• Transthoracic echocardiography
• Transthoracic Doppler imaging
• The standard transthoracic echo
• Assessment of wall motion
• Assessment of LV systolic function
• Assessment of LV diastolic function
• ECHO in aortic stenosis (AS)
• Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE)
• TOE for a cardiac source of embolism
• TOE in aortic dissection
• TOE in endocarditis
• TOE for mitral regurgitation (MR)
• Mitral valve prolapse
• TOE in chronic ischaemic MR
• TOE for mitral stenosis
• TOE for prosthetic valve dysfunction
• TOE assessment of mitral valve prosthesis
• TOE for aortic valve prosthesis
• Intraoperative TOE
• TOE for assessment of cardiac masses
• PET scanning
• Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)
• Metallic prostheses and CMR

Chapter 2 Valvular heart disease

• Chapter 2 Valvular heart disease
• General considerations
• Acute rheumatic fever
• Mitral stenosis
• Mitral regurgitation
• Mitral valve prolapse
• Aortic stenosis
• Aortic stenosis: management
• Aortic regurgitation
• Right heart valve lesions
• Prosthetic heart valves
• Prosthetic heart valves: complications
• Out-patient review

Chapter 3 Infective endocarditis

• Chapter 3 Infective endocarditis
• Presentation
• Diagnosis
• Investigations
• Antibiotics
• ’Blind’ treatment
• Duration of treatment
• Monitoring treatment
• Culture negative endocarditis
• Right-sided endocarditis
• Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE)
• Surgery
• Endocarditis prophylaxis

Chapter 4 Coronary artery disease

• Chapter 4 Coronary artery disease
• Atherosclerosis: pathophysiology
• Development of atherosclerotic plaques
• Epidemiology
• Assessment of atherosclerotic risk
• Risk factors for CAD
• Hypertension
• Treatment of high blood pressure
• Combining antihypertensive drugs
• Lipid management in atherosclerosis
• Lipid lowering therapy
• When to treat lipids
• Diabetes and atherosclerosis
• The metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance
• Metabolic syndrome: management
• Angina pectoris
• Acute coronary syndromes
• ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
• STEMI: diagnosis
• STEMI: general measures
• STEMI: reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis)
• STEMI: reperfusion by primary PCI
• Surgery for acute STEMI
• STEMI: additional measures
• Right ventricular (RV) infarction
• STEMI: predischarge risk stratification
• STEMI: complications
• Ventricular septal defect post-MI
• Acute mitral regurgitation post-MI
• Pseudoaneurysm and free wall rupture
• Cocaine-induced MI
• Ventricular tachyarrhythmias post-MI
• Atrial tachyarrhythmia post-MI
• Bradyarrhythmias and indications for pacing
• Bradyarrhythmias post-MI
• Hypotension and shock post-MI
• Cardiogenic shock
• Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)/unstable angina (UA)
• NSTEMI/UA: diagnosis
• NSTEMI/UA: risk stratification
• NSTEMI/UA: late risk stratification
• NSTEMI/UA: medical management
• NSTEMI: invasive vs. non-invasive strategies
• Discharge and secondary prevention

Chapter 5 Cardiac catheterization and intervention

• Chapter 5 Cardiac catheterization and intervention
• Radiation protection in the catheter laboratory
• Vascular access: the femoral artery
• Vascular access: the radial artery
• Vascular access site management
• Coronary angiography
• Interpreting the coronary angiogram
• Angiographic study of grafts
• Complications of angiography
• Right heart catheterization
• Cardiac output and LV Function
• Cardiac catheterization in valve disease
• Intravascular ultrasound
• Angioplasty and coronary stenting
• Restenosis following PTCA
• Drug eluting stents
• Physiological assessment of coronary flow
• Primary angioplasty for STEMI
• Primary angioplasty: procedure
• Invasive assessment of vulnerable plaque
• Complex coronary angioplasty
• Left main stem angioplasty
• Adjunctive therapy for angioplasty and stenting
• Embolic protection devices
• Thrombectomy
• Mitral valvuloplasty
• Glossary of terms and abbreviations

Chapter 6 Heart failure

• Chapter 6 Heart failure
• Introduction
• Forms of heart failure
• Causes and precipitants
• Signs and symptoms
• Investigations
• Management
• Diuretics in heart failure
• ACE inhibitors for heart failure
• β-blockers for heart failure
• Angiotensin II receptor antagonists for heart failure
• Aldosterone receptor antagonists in heart failure
• Cardiac glycosides in heart failure
• Vasodilators in heart failure
• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in heart failure
• Positive inotropic support
• Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants
• Miscellaneous drugs for heart failure
• Device therapy for heart failure
• Surgery for heart failure
• Palliative care for heart failure
• Worsening heart failure
• Diastolic heart failure
• High-output heart failure

Chapter 7 Heart muscle diseases

• Chapter 7 Heart muscle diseases
• Classification
• Dilated cardiomyopathy
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
• Ischaemic cardiomyopathy
• Valvular cardiomyopathy
• Hypertensive cardiomyopathy
• Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
• Metabolic cardiomyopathy
• General system disease
• Nutritional cardiomyopathy
• Muscular dystrophies
• Neuromuscular disorders
• Sensitivity or toxic reactions
• Peripartum
• Myocarditis
• Viral myocarditis
• Rickettsial myocarditis
• Bacterial myocarditis
• Spirochetal myocarditis
• Protozoal myocarditis
• Fungal myocarditis
• Toxic and metabolic myocarditis

Chapter 8 Pericardial diseases

• Chapter 8 Pericardial diseases
• Aetiology
• Syndromes of pericardial disease
• Acute pericarditis without effusion
• Pericardial effusion ± tamponade
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Effusive–constrictive pericarditis
• Calcific pericarditis without constriction
• Viral pericarditis
• Tuberculous pericarditis
• Tuberculous pericardial constriction
• Effusive–constrictive TB pericarditis
• Tuberculous pericardial effusion
• Uraemic pericarditis
• Neoplastic pericardial disease
• Myxoedematous effusion
• Nontuberculous bacterial (purulent) pericarditis
• Radiation pericarditis
• Drugs/toxin-induced pericarditis
• Postcardiotomy syndrome
• Post-infarction pericarditis
• Rheumatic fever
• Autoimmune pericarditis
• Traumatic pericarditis
• Fungal pericarditis
• Amoebic pericarditis
• Constrictive pericarditis vs. restrictive myocardial disease
• Pericardial fluid analysis
• Pericardiocentesis
• Further reading

Chapter 9 Arrhythmias

• Chapter 9 Arrhythmias
• The cardiac conduction system
• Bradyarrhythmias: general approach
• Sinus bradycardia
• Sinus pause
• Sick sinus syndrome
• Atrioventricular block
• Bundle branch block
• Tachyarrhythmias: general approach
• Tachyarrhythmias: classification
• ECG diagnosis of tachyarrhythmias
• Tachycardia: emergency management
• Drug treatment of tachyarrhythmias
• Supraventricular tachycardia
• Sinus tachycardia
• Sinus nodal reentrant tachycardia
• Atrial tachycardia
• Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
• Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT)
• Junctional tachycardia
• Atrial fibrillation
• Atrial fibrillation: investigations
• Atrial fibrillation: management
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Normal heart VT (benign VT)
• VT with impaired LV function
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
• Brugada syndrome
• Bundle branch tachycardia
• Long QT syndrome
• Long QT syndrome: management
• Arrhythmia in special situations
• Permanent pacemakers
• Which pacing modality?
• Complications of pacing
• Pacemakers for chronic heart failure

Chapter 10 Invasive electrophysiology

• Chapter 10 Invasive electrophysiology
• Mechanism of tachycardias
• Mechanism of arrhythmias
• The electrophysiology study
• Uses of the EP study
• Programmed ventricular stimulation
• New technologies
• Catheter ablation
• Catheter ablation: complications
• Atrial tachyarrhythmias: mechanism
• Ablation of atrial tachycardias
• Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
• Mechanism of AV reentry tachycardias
• AV reentry tachycardias: ablation
• Ablation of ventricular tachycardia
• Accessory pathways (Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome)
• Accessory Pathways: localization
• Accessory pathways: management
• Implantable cardioverter defibrillators
• Indications for ICD implantation
• ICD therapies
• ICD: trouble shooting and follow-up

Chapter 11 Congenital heart disease

• Chapter 11 Congenital heart disease
• Introduction
• Assessment of patients with CHD
• Specific signs in patients with CHD
• Surgical operations for CHD
• Percutaneous transcatheter interventions for CHD
• Specific management issues
• Atrial septal defect
• Ventricular septal defect
• Atrioventricular septal defect
• Pulmonary stenosis
• Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction
• Coarctation of the aorta
• Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
• Transposition of the great arteries
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Fontan patients
• Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
• Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve
• Extra-cardiac complications

Chapter 12 Multisystem disorders

• Chapter 12 Multisystem disorders
• Libman–Sacks endocarditis
• Marfan syndrome
• Ghent criteria for Marfan's syndrome
• Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome
• Kawasaki disease
• Takayasu arteritis
• Polyarteritis nodosa and other systemic vasculitides
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Polymyositis and dermatomyositis
• Rheumatoid disease

Chapter 13 Cardiology in developing countries

• Chapter 13 Cardiology in developing countries
• Burden of cardiovascular disease in developing countries
• Infectious disease and the heart
• Diphtheria
• HIV and the cardiovascular system
• Chagas’ disease
• Cardiovascular syphilis
• Tetanus
• Beriberi (thiamine deficiency)
• Keshan disease (selenium deficiency)
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF)
• Loeffler endocarditis

Chapter 14 Heart disease in pregnancy

• Chapter 14 Heart disease in pregnancy
• Basic principles
• Physiological changes in pregnancy
• Normal findings in pregnancy
• General considerations in pregnancy
• Pulmonary hypertension and pregnancy
• Marfan's syndrome and pregnancy
• Valvular heart disease in pregnancy
• Mitral stenosis and pregnancy
• Other valve lesions
• Mechanical heart valves in pregnancy
• Ischaemic heart disease
• Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
• Peripartum cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmias in pregnancy
• Cardiac arrest in pregnancy
• Endocarditis prophylaxis

Chapter 15 Major trials in cardiology

• Chapter 15 Major trials in cardiology

Chapter 16 Eponymous syndromes

• Chapter 16 Eponymous syndromes

Chapter 17 Cardiovascular emergencies

• Chapter 17 Cardiovascular emergencies
• Adult basic life support
• Adult advanced life support
• Universal treatment algorithm
• Acute MI: thrombolysis protocol
• Acute myocardial infarction
• Treatment options in tachyarrhythmias
• Ventricular tachycardia: drugs
• Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
• Acute pulmonary oedema: assessment
• Pulmonary oedema: causes
• Pulmonary oedema: management
• Pulmonary oedema: specific conditions
• Acute aortic regurgitation
• Acute mitral regurgitation
• Deep vein thrombosis: assessment
• Deep vein thrombosis: management
• Pulmonary embolism (PE): assessment
• Pulmonary embolism: investigations
• Pulmonary embolism: management
• Fat embolism
• Hypertensive emergencies
• Hypertensive emergencies: management
• Drugs for hypertensive emergencies
• Hypertensive emergency with retinopathy (accelerated and malignant hypertension)
• Hypertensive encephalopathy
• Aortic dissection: assessment
• Aortic dissection: investigations
• Aortic dissection: management
• Acute pericarditis: assessment
• Acute pericarditis: management
• Cardiac tamponade: presentation
• Cardiac tamponade: management

Chapter 18 Practical procedures

• Chapter 18 Practical procedures
• Central line insertion
• Internal jugular vein cannulation
• Subclavian vein cannulation
• Pulmonary artery catheterization
• Indications for temporary pacing
• Temporary ventricular pacing
• Temporary atrial pacing
• A–V sequential pacing
• Temporary pacing: complications
• Pericardial aspiration
• DC cardioversion
• Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation

Disclaimer

Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work.

Featured Handbooks

• 
• 
• 

Oxford Journals: latest research

Oxford Journals: related titles

• 

© Punit Ramrakha and Jonathan Hill, 2006

• Privacy Policy